ABSTRACT

Microbial infectious illnesses pose a global health risk due to antibiotic misuse, leading to antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. Nanotechnology offers potential solutions to combat these pathogens. Magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgO NPs) have emerged as a promising option for combating antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. Their diverse physicochemical features allow them to function as antibacterial agents. This research focuses on synthesising MgO NPs using a green method, plasma-assisted reduction and an aqueous dill extract as a stabilising agent. This technology is environmentally favourable due to its safety, cost-effectiveness, rapid fabrication and lack of hazardous-reducing agents. The crystal size, particle size, morphology, elemental composition and optical characteristics of MgO NPs were determined using various methods. MgO NPs exhibited a dendritic morphology with diameters in the nanometre scale. The mean crystal size was determined to be 38.93 nm using X-ray diffraction (XRD) examination. ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy research demonstrated that the absorption of MgO NPs produces a peak at 295 nm, signifying an energy band gap of 4.2 eV. At a concentration of 10 mgL−1, the antibiofilm effectiveness of MgO NPs was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) (Gram-positive) and Klebsiella pneumonia (K. pneumonia), Escherichia coli (E. coli) (Gramnegative) bacteria. The biofilm inhibition rate of MgO NPs against S. aureus exceeded that against K. pneumoniae and E. coli. This study indicates that MgO NPs synthesised by a green technique had substantial antibiofilm activity and showed a remarkable potential for inhibiting pathogenic microorganisms.

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